Lin'an Tuankou Changing Lion Dance: Inheriting the Red-Haired Lion Tradition

October 19, 2024

Lin'an, a city rich in history, is not only home to the rise and fall of the Southern Song Dynasty but also nurtures a variety of intangible cultural heritage. Among these is the"Changing Lion Dance", a unique folk lion dance tradition, known for its artistic charm and recognized as a cultural treasure of Lin'an. This article delves into the historical origins, artistic features, cultural transmission, and modern innovations and development of the Lin'an Changing Lion Dance.

History

Lin'an Changing Lion Dance, also known as the *Red-Haired Lion* or *Changing Lion*, originated during the reign of Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty (1851-1861), making it over 150 years old. According to the book *Lin'an Change* and related historical records, the dance first appeared in Yingfeng Village, located at the foot of Phoenix Mountain in Tuan'kou Town, Lin'an District. During this period, villagers fled their homes for three years to escape the Taiping Rebellion. Upon their return, they performed the Red-Haired Lion Dance as a form of prayer for peace, under the instruction of martial arts teacher Chen Zhongzong and lion dance trainer Zhang Tingshi. This tradition has since been passed down through generations and has become an enduring local folk custom.

Artistic Features

The Lin'an Changing Lion Dance is famous for its distinctive artistic features. Firstly, in terms of equipment, the *Red-Haired Lion* is made with a red lion skin, with the lion’s body measuring about two meters long. It is crafted using wooden slats and bamboo strips, with the lion's mane made of hemp silk, giving the lion a striking and vivid appearance. Secondly, the dance techniques involve a series of intricate movements. Originally, there were 36 distinct moves, though 17 have survived, including *The Lion Emerges from the Cave*, *The Lion Eats*, *The Lion Shakes the Boat*, and *The Lion Rolls the Ball*. These movements not only showcase the dancers’ skill but also reflect the people's wishes for a prosperous life.

Cultural Transmission

As an intangible cultural heritage of Zhejiang Province, Lin'an Changing Lion Dance carries rich cultural significance. It has become a key part of Lin'an’s cultural identity and heritage. To preserve and promote the Red-Haired Lion tradition, local government and communities have taken various steps. Yingfeng Village has established a Red-Haired Lion Intangible Heritage Center, where visual and multimedia displays allow visitors to learn about this traditional art form. Additionally, the Red-Haired Lion is performed during festivals, engaging locals and tourists alike. Some lion dance masters are also passing on their skills to the younger generation, ensuring that the tradition continues to thrive.

Modern Innovation and Development

In modern times, Lin'an Changing Lion Dance has preserved its traditional charm while also embracing innovation. On one hand, local governments and organizations have intensified efforts to protect intangible cultural heritage by offering financial and policy support to sustain the Red-Haired Lion tradition. On the other hand, lion dance performers have incorporated modern elements into their performances, creating new and captivating forms. For example, during some tourism festivals, the Red-Haired Lion is combined with other folk arts, creating colorful performances that attract many visitors.

Social Impact and Value

Lin'an Changing Lion Dance is not only a cultural and artistic treasure but also holds significant social impact and value. It represents a vital aspect of Lin'an culture, reflecting the wisdom and creativity of its people, and fostering a sense of cultural pride. As an intangible cultural heritage, the dance also offers valuable insights for studying the folklore and history of Lin'an and Zhejiang. Additionally, the Red-Haired Lion Dance has economic value as it boosts local tourism and contributes to the community's cultural vitality.

Conclusion

As an intangible cultural heritage of Zhejiang Province, the Lin'an Changing Lion Dance is a profound cultural gem with both historical and social value. It reflects the creativity of Lin'an's people and continues to play an essential role in preserving local culture. As we look toward the future, we must ensure the protection and transmission of this traditional art while also exploring new forms and ideas that resonate with contemporary audiences. With collective effort, the Lin'an Changing Lion Dance is bound to shine even brighter in the years to come.

The Lin'an Changing Lion Dance, as a crucial part of Lin'an's culture, not only carries historical and cultural significance but also showcases the wisdom and creativity of the local people. In the future, we should continue to preserve and promote this cultural treasure, ensuring its brilliance shines on in the modern world.